During the bladder cancer session at BMUC 2024; Prof. Ananya Choudhury (The University of Manchester, Manchester) underscored the necessity of reevaluating radiotherapy as a treatment for localised non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), underscoring its efficacy and safety also in elderly patients. Prof. Evanguelos Xylinas (Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard – APHP Nord, Paris) focused on emerging therapies for high-risk NMIBC patients unresponsive to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment, such as intravesical gene therapy or immunotherapy. Finally, Prof. Sylvie Rottey (University Hospital Ghent, Ghent) discussed the pivotal Check-Mate-901 and EV-302 trials, which have transformed the first-line treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma.