A. Enguita PhD

Highlights in melanoma

The 2023 annual European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO) congress featured exciting developments in melanoma research. In the adjuvant setting, discussions centred around new biomarkers for treatment response, the role of radiotherapy and new approaches in immunotherapy. Interesting updates were also presented for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, including triple combinations of BRAF plus MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), an IDO/PD-L1-targeting peptide vaccine with nivolumab, and AS01B with myeloid dendritic cells and ICIs.

Journal Scan

In this section of the BJMO, we aim to provide a snapshot of pivotal studies published in recent issues of the most important international journals focusing on oncology. Importantly, the selection of the studies discussed here is the sole responsibility of the publisher and was not influenced by third parties. Do you miss an important study, or did you read a hidden jewel that deserves to be shared with your colleagues? Please, let us know (editor@bjmo.be) and we will make sure to include it in the journal scan section of the next BJMO issue.

(BELG J MED ONCOL 2023;17(4):135–8)

Looking towards the future: Innovations and advances in cancer immunotherapy

In recent years, innovative, T-cell based immunotherapeutic strategies have yielded excellent outcomes, with long-lasting results and tumour-specific antitumour activity. During the 25th annual BSMO meeting, Prof. Pierre Coulie (de Duve Institute, Brussels) opened a window on the potential future of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer

Impact of somatic mutations and cellular plasticity on cancer

Cancer is classically conceived as a genetic disease caused by somatic mutations acquired during life. In the last years, this has fuelled research efforts into the characterization of activating mutations in different tumour types. However, apart from knowing the activating mutation, other factors are also important in the development and optimization of an effective personalised treatment. During the 25th annual Belgian Society of Medical Oncology (BSMO) meeting 2023, Dr. Luc Dirix (GZA hospital, Belgium) discussed the significance of somatic mutations in normal tissues and their effect on cancer, with a special focus on clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). Additionally, Dr. Dirix addressed the topic of cellular plasticity, which plays a fundamental role in cancer development.

Highlights in hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer

SABCS 2022 featured a plethora of interesting presentations in the field of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC). In the early disease setting, updated results were presented for the MonarchE trial, evaluating adjuvant abemaciclib + endocrine therapy (ET). Results were also presented for the SWOG S1207 study, assessing the addition of everolimus to adjuvant ET, together with 12-year results of TAILORx. A final early-stage study evaluated the Breast Cancer Index as a tool to select pre-menopausal patients for whom ovarian function suppression (OFS) will likely not be beneficial. In the advanced setting, the RIGHT Choice study assessed ribociclib plus ET in patients with aggressive forms of metastatic HR+ BC. Several novel treatment strategies were also evaluated in the metastatic HR+ setting. CAPItello-291 tested the AKT inhibitor capivasertib plus fulvestrant (CAPItello-291), while several other studies addressed the use of selective oestrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) in this setting. Finally, an analysis of the phase III TROPICS-2 study was presented evaluating the efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in function of Trop-2 expression levels.

Highlights in lung cancer

The 2022 annual ESMO meeting again featured a long list of interesting lung cancer-related abstracts, ranging from long-term updates of pivotal studies to preliminary data of studies assessing novel treatment strategies for lung cancer. This article will give an overview of the key highlights in lung cancer presented during this meeting. We are grateful to Prof. Lore Decoster, from the University Hospital Brussels, for helping us I selecting the abstracts for this overview and for providing her expert opinion on the different studies.

(Belg J Med Oncol 2022;16(8):395–403)

Highlights in breast cancer

The 2022 annual ESMO meeting featured a plethora of interesting presentations in the field of breast cancer (BC). In the hormone-sensitive setting, data were presented on the effect of extending adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in patients with early-stage disease. In the metastatic setting, interesting updates were presented with CDK4/6 inhibitors, while other abstracts reported the potential of selective oestrogen receptor modulators or degraders. In addition, updated results were presented for the TROPiCS-02 study evaluating the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan in pre-treated patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer. Finally, metronomic treatment with vinorelbine plus cyclophosphamide and capecitabine proved to be another feasible treatment strategy in this setting. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), (neo)adjuvant data with pembrolizumab were presented together with emerging results on the use of the anti-CD73 agent oleclumab in patients with advanced TNBC. We are very grateful to Prof. Hans Wildiers and Dr. Kevin Punie for their help in making the abstract selection for this article.

(Belg J Med Oncol 2022;16(8):387–94)